Hail

Hail causes over $1 billion in crop and property damage annually in the US

6 things to do before · 7 steps during · 6 after · 5 questions answered

Last updated . Written by Project Trinetra, a program of the 501(c)(3) nonprofit Unravel The Love. It is not an official government publication and does not replace instructions from your local emergency authorities.

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Before — Prepare for Hail

Hail can form in any strong thunderstorm and strike without much warning.

#Do this
1Park vehicles in garage or under covered structure
2Inspect roof for loose shingles or damage from prior storms
3Consider impact-resistant window film or shutters
4Cover garden beds and sensitive plants during storm season
5Review homeowners insurance for hail coverage and deductibles
6Enable severe thunderstorm warnings on your phone

During — During a Hail Storm

Hail can range from pea-sized to softball-sized. Even small hail is dangerous at high speed.

#Step
1Get indoors immediately — do NOT try to cover your car
2Stay away from windows and skylights
3If driving, pull over safely under an overpass or solid structure
4If caught outside, protect your head — a backpack or thick jacket helps
5Do not try to hold tarps or covers over items — wind will tear them away
6Keep children and pets away from windows
7Wait for the storm to fully pass before going outside

After — After Hail

Document damage quickly before subsequent weather arrives.

#Step
1Inspect your roof, siding, windows, and vehicles for damage
2Photograph all damage immediately for insurance claims
3Check for broken skylights or windows — cover with plastic
4Clear hail from gutters and drains to prevent flooding
5File insurance claims promptly — adjusters get busy after hail
6Be cautious of fraudulent storm damage repair solicitations

Supplies specific to this hazard

  • Tarps for covering vehicles or broken windows
  • Heavy-duty work gloves
  • Plastic sheeting and duct tape
  • Camera/phone for documenting damage
  • Insurance policy documents accessible

Questions people ask

How do I protect my car from hail damage?

Hail can total a vehicle in minutes. Best protections:

  • Get under cover: Parking garage, carport, gas station canopy — any overhead structure
  • Use blankets or floor mats laid over the windshield and hood if no cover available
  • Hail car covers (padded, about $50-100) are worth the investment if you're in hail-prone areas
  • Do NOT park under trees — falling branches in hailstorms cause more damage than the hail itself

If caught driving:

  • Pull over to the side of the road (away from overpasses to prevent accidents)
  • Turn your back to the windows and cover your face — glass can shatter
  • Stay in the car — it's safer than outside
Full Hail guide — before, during and after →

What size hail is dangerous to people?

Hail size and damage potential:

  • < 1 inch (quarter-size): Minor. Can damage plants and chip paint
  • 1 inch (half-dollar): Moderate. Can crack windshields, dent cars
  • 1.75 inches (golf ball): Severe. Can cause serious injury if you're outside, significant vehicle and roof damage
  • 2.75+ inches (baseball+): Catastrophic. Can cause fatal injuries, shatter car windows, destroy roofs

Any hail is dangerous if you're unprotected. Even marble-sized hail at high wind speeds can injure. If a hail warning is issued, get indoors immediately — don't try to watch.

Full Hail guide — before, during and after →

What should I do if caught outside during a hailstorm?

If you can't get indoors during hail:

  • Seek any overhead cover: Bus stop, awning, bridge underpass, dense tree canopy (as last resort)
  • Protect your head — use your arms, a bag, jacket, anything as a shield
  • Crouch down to make yourself a smaller target
  • Turn your back to the hail — protect your face and eyes
  • If nothing else is available, get under your car (not in it if windows are breaking)

After the hailstorm, watch for injuries — hail impacts can cause bruising and lacerations that you might not notice due to adrenaline. Check for broken glass before walking.

Full Hail guide — before, during and after →

How do I check my roof for hail damage?

After a hailstorm, check for damage (from the ground if possible):

  • Gutters and downspouts: Dents, dings, or granules (sandpaper-like material) accumulated in gutters
  • Roof surface: Look for dark spots, missing granules, cracked or broken shingles
  • Vents, skylights, and AC units: Check for dents, cracks, or broken seals
  • Siding and window frames: Dents or chips in aluminum or vinyl siding

Document everything with photos before making any repairs — your insurance company needs evidence. Most policies cover hail damage but have specific deadlines for filing claims. Get a professional roof inspection — some damage isn't visible from the ground.

Full Hail guide — before, during and after →

Does homeowner insurance cover hail damage?

Usually yes, but with important details:

  • Standard homeowner policies typically cover hail damage to your home and structures
  • Auto insurance covers hail damage under your comprehensive coverage (not collision)
  • Some policies in hail-prone states have separate hail deductibles (often 1-2% of home value)
  • Filing deadline: Most insurers require you to file within 1 year, but file as soon as possible

Steps: Document all damage with photos/video → file a claim → get a professional inspection → get multiple repair quotes. Don't sign anything with a storm chaser roofer until your adjuster has visited.

Full Hail guide — before, during and after →

Quick facts

  • If caught driving in hail, pull over and turn your back to the windows — glass can shatter.
  • Golf ball-sized hail (1.75 inches) can cause serious injury and shatter car windows.
  • After a hailstorm, document all damage with photos before repairs — insurance needs evidence.
  • A padded hail car cover ($50-100) can save thousands in vehicle damage.
  • Don't park under trees during hail — falling branches cause more damage than the hail itself.

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